IFNG and infection: Conversely, genes that modulate the cellular response to infection were considerably downregulated (type 1 interferon, FDR < 0.0001; gamma interferon, FDR < 0.0001; leukocyte chemotaxis genes, FDR < 0.0001) potentially supporting earlier work that chronic glucose exposure depresses cellular immune responsiveness (Delamaire et al., 1997; Al-Mashat et al., 2006).