Also, β-cell failure in T2D has been associated with chronic subclinical inflammation and elevated cytokines and chemokines, especially IL-1β, IL-6, and CXCL10 levels in proximity to the islet are initiator for β-destruction, dysfunction, and metabolic deterioration (Figure 1B) (16, 17). This evidence concerns the gene CXCL10 and type 2 diabetes mellitus.