A study including 1639 British men aged 71 to 92 years [45], a study including 1741 participants with CKD and a mean age of 73 years [44], and a study conducted in older adult women (mean age 75.2 years) [46] showed no benefit from using cystatin C-based eGFR equations when compared to creatinine-based ones. The gene discussed is CST3; the disease is chronic kidney disease.