However, there were also several studies have detected the mutations of COL4A4 in the families with hereditary FSGS, which indicated that the glomerular basement membrane (GBM) lesions caused by COL4A4 mutations were responsible for hereditary FSGS (Malone et al., 2014; Pierides et al., 2009; Voskarides et al., 2007; Wu et al., 2016). This evidence concerns the gene COL4A4 and focal segmental glomerulosclerosis.