Although the anti-cancer potential of AP has been examined in numerous studies, the effects of AP on NNK-induced procarcinogenesis has been rarely reported before this study; only Pham et al. [29] observed that AP suppressed the NNK-induced proliferation and migration of pancreatic cancer cell by inhibiting the activation of β-AR and its downstream signals FAK and ERK. The gene discussed is PTK2; the disease is familial pancreatic carcinoma.