Blockade of infection-induced T-cell apoptosis by a caspase-3 inhibitor has been reported to be highly beneficial in sepsis treatment.23 Consistently, we found that treatment with the caspase-3 inhibitor Ac-DEVD-CHO combined with the antifungal agent fluconazole for 3 days significantly improved the survival rate of mice infected with lethal C. albicans (Fig. 2H). The gene discussed is CASP3; the disease is infection.