RAF1 and melanoma: Apart from them, overexpression of EphB4 in A375 melanoma cells was accompanied by activation of a multitude of signaling pathways, e.g., the Janus kinase/signal transducers and activators of transcription (JAK/STAT), rat sarcoma virus/rapidly accelerated fibrosarcoma/mitogen activated protein kinase kinase (Ras/Raf/MEK), and nuclear factor kappa-B (NFkB) pathways.