TG and thyroid gland carcinoma: The extent of initial surgery should be individualized to each patient and should be based on a combination of factors: thyroid nodule imaging characteristics, fine-needle aspiration (FNA) cytology results, molecular testing if applicable, local symptoms, personal or family history of thyroid cancer, hereditary syndromes, history of radiation exposure, baseline thyroid hormone levels or presence of autoimmune thyroid disease, presence of contralateral thyroid nodules, and patient preference for short- and long-term management.