TVSE treatment significantlysuppressed mRNA expression in tumors of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2, tissueinhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP)-1, urokinase-type plasminogen activator(uPA), intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-1, and vascular cell adhesionmolecule (VCAM)-1 while increasing plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI)-1.These results suggest that TVSE is potentially beneficial for the suppression ofbreast cancer growth and its-associated lung metastasis. Here, VCAM1 is linked to cancer.