CD8A and neoplasm: Among the 159 genes identified in the ICON7 training set, we found that the 103 genes associated with total CD8+ T-cell quantities mostly constituted a cytotoxic signature (e.g., GZMA, GZMB, GMZH, CD40LG) and served as the primary feature to distinguish the desert tumours from the infiltrated and excluded tumours (Fig. 3a).