Synovial accumulation of B cells correlates with increased radiographic scores and T cell activation in patients with RA; consequently, B cell–targeting therapies have demonstrated promising results for the treatment of RA, with rituximab (anti-CD20) showing significant efficacy and amelioration of disease progression in patients naive to methotrexate and those with incomplete responses to a TNF inhibitor (4–7). The gene discussed is TNF; the disease is rheumatoid arthritis.