Western blotting analysis showed that the expression of COX-2 was significantly upregulated and the expression of P53 was downregulated in BPH-1 and PWR-1E cells with rMIF treatment, while in BPH-1 and PWR-1E cells treating with rMIF+ISO-1, the changed expression of COX-2 and P53 were partially reversed (Fig. 4A–D). Here, TP53 is linked to benign prostatic hyperplasia.