However, also in this case, such a low but well standardized caseload, on which post-inoculation results were compared with baseline values recorded before LPS administration, allowed to have a better overview of the possible effect of LPS infusion on PON-1 activity compared with in field studies, on which several variables cannot allow to evaluate the direct effect of sepsis on clinical and laboratory parameters. The gene discussed is PON1; the disease is Sepsis.