VCAM1 and plasma cell myeloma: In 2020, Natoni et al. reported that pan-sialyltransferase inhibition in multiple myeloma (MM) cells alters the post-translational sialylation of α4 integrin affecting its affinity for its counter-receptor, as well as reducing interactions between MM cells with E-selectins, MADCAM1 and VCAM1.131 Using an in vivo mouse model of aggressive myeloma, sialylation blockade improved survival by enhancing bortezomib sensitivity.