The followings are the confirmed candidates of cytokines/chemokines that might be useful as the disease markers; IL-10, TNFα, IL-8, IP-10, and macrophage derived chemokine (MDC) for AIDS; IL-2, TNFα, IL-8, and IP-10 for TB; and IL-1α, IL-10, IL-15, TNFα, IL-8, IP-10, and monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1) for AIDS/TB. Here, IL1A is linked to tuberculosis.