As reported by other groups [49,52], depletion of SAMHD1 by treatment of MDMs with Vpx-containing SIV VLPs (abbreviated Vpx(+)) resulted in a marked (up to 10-fold) increase of HIV-1 infection (Figure S3B), apparently due to increased cytoplasmic dNTP levels. The gene discussed is SAMHD1; the disease is HIV-1 infection.