Accumulating evidence has disclosed the role of the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway in downregulating proatherogenic T cell responses and upregulating the antiatherogenic effects in the atherogenic model [113,114], where an ablation of low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR-/-) genes resulted in hypercholesteremia and led to atherosclerosis. This evidence concerns the gene CD274 and atherosclerosis.