In addition to clinical studies, HMGB1 levels in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and lung tissue were significantly increased in animal models of pneumonia induced by adenovirus infection, and the expression of the receptors TLR4/9 and RAGE also varied with the changes in HMGB1, confirming that the HMGB1 signaling pathway plays a role in the occurrence and development of adenovirus‐mediated pneumonia.80 Here, TLR4 is linked to susceptibility to pneumonia measurement.