VAMP2 and viral infectious disease: Interestingly, we found that expression of RIG-I impaired RNF115–MAVS but not RNF115–MAVS–TM(VAMP-2) associations (Fig. 1i and Supplementary Fig. 1f), indicating that RIG-I competitively engages MAVS against RNF115 on the mitochondria which might be responsible for the disassociation of RNF115 from MAVS after viral infections.