TNF and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: Finally, regular nut consumption may also lead to a reduction in circulating levels of pro-inflammatory markers such as erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), interleukin-6 (IL6), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and C-reactive protein [49,50,51,52] which are associated with higher risk of cardio-vascular mortality and are usually elevated in NAFLD and implicated in its pathogenesis [53].