It has been proposed that cooperation of PKD1 with E-cadherin or the mTORC1/S6K1 (mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1/p70 ribosomal protein S6 kinase 1) pathway has an antitumor effect in NSCLC [48,49], while PKD1 activation through a PKC-dependent pathway has been shown to mediate pro-tumor responses in SCLC cells [50]. Here, PKD1 is linked to neoplasm.