The signaling pathways related to these factors play an important role in DCM, such as the cardiac ubiquitin proteasome system, the FoxO transcription factor signaling pathway, the hexosamine biosynthetic pathway, the polyol pathway, protein kinase C signaling, NF-κB signaling, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor signaling, Nrf2 pathways, the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways, and microRNAs, especially the AMPK signaling pathway [82]. The gene discussed is WNK2; the disease is familial dilated cardiomyopathy.