SPHK1 and brain ischemia: Recent research on the role of SphK1/S1P receptor signaling has shown that this plays a pivotal role in onset and progression of CNS disorders; for example, the suppression of SphK1 can decrease the production of IL-17 and relieve neuronal damage induced by microglia in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (IR) or an in vitro oxygen-glucose deprivation reperfusion system, and S1P levels affect hippocampal neuronal cell fate after transient global cerebral ischemia (tGCI) (Su et al., 2017; Rashad et al., 2018).