In neuroinflammatory conditions, CD163+ macrophages infiltrate into brain tissue, including in encephalitis [both human immunodeficiency viral and simian immunodeficiency viral (HIV and SIV) encephalitis] (28, 29), multiple sclerosis (MS) (25), Parkinson's disease (PD), and Alzheimer's disease (AD) (26). This evidence concerns the gene CD163 and Parkinson disease.