MALAT1 and severe acute respiratory syndrome: In particular, the lncRNAs Neat1 (nuclear paraspeckle assembly transcript 1) and Malat1 (metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1) [154] were up- and down-regulated after infection, respectively, and miR-155-5p [156], miR-21-5p and miR-223-3p were among the most deregulated miRNAs upon SARS-CoV infection (Fig. 5).