TGFBI and acute myeloid leukemia: Furthermore, HMGB1 is identified as a negative regulator of myeloid differentiation by influencing the expression of transforming growth factor beta-induced (TGFBI) which is demonstrated to promote phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA) and all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA)–induced macrophage-like and granulocytic differentiation of AML cell lines.