Based on the various potential upstream activators of YAP/TAZ in CMS4 CRC, we may further surmise that if YAP/TAZ are activated in some way and co-operate with the adequate partner, colon cancers gain CMS4 properties and that the high activation of YAP/TAZ is essential to maintain CMS4 phenotype. Here, WWTR1 is linked to colonic neoplasm.