NFKB1 and chorioamnionitis: While pro-inflammatory cytokines are associated with inflammation during chorioamnionitis, pro-inflammatory cytokines downstream of NF-κB activation, such as TNFα, play an important role in uterine homeostasis and initiating critical events during the estrous cycle and pregnancy (Evans and Salamonsen, 2012; Sierra-Mondragon et al., 2015).