Inflammation plays a pivotal role in the pathophysiology of atherosclerosis.24 Some earlier studies have shown that higher levels of inflammatory markers, including erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), C-reactive protein (CRP), and inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin 1 (IL-1), IL-6, IL-10, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) may predict poor cardiovascular prognosis.24-26 In the present study, we found no significant association between ESR or CRP and CACS. This evidence concerns the gene TNF and atherosclerosis.