TNF and COVID-19: Those COVID-19 patients requiring ICU admission demonstrated greater plasma levels of IL-2, IL-7, IL-10, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (GCSF), interferon-inducible protein 10 (IP-10), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), macrophage inflammatory protein-1α (MIP-1α) and TNF-α than the non-ICU COVID-19 patients, all supporting enhanced innate immunity in the sicker patients (28).