MAMP recognition by a PRR triggers a signaling cascade leading to activation of transcription factors such as NF-κB and IRF3 involved in the production of cytokines, chemokines, and antimicrobial peptides, which leads to the activation and recruitment of phagocytes, such as neutrophils, MΦs, and dendritic cells (DCs), at the site of infection. This evidence concerns the gene NFKB1 and infection.