IL1B and Sepsis: Sepsis-related mediators, such as endotoxin and the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-2, IL-6, TNF-α, and IFN-β, have been shown to induce high expression of iNOS (Frolkis et al., 2009; Godfrey et al., 2011; Dong et al., 2019).