In addition, gemcitabine treatment results in robust infiltration of M2-polarized TAMs which secrete TNFα, TGF-β, and IL-6, leading to EMT of PDAC cells.160 Therefore, tumor infiltrative M2 TAMs are another major propeller of PDAC EMT via providing various cytokines and chemokines. The gene discussed is TGFB1; the disease is neoplasm.