In PDAC cells with intact SMAD signaling, TGF-β activation results in engagement of EMT, which is accompanied by reduced proliferation and apoptosis.75,76 In support, pancreas-specific mono- or biallelic deletion of TGFRII, which encodes the primary receptor for TGF-β, cooperates with oncogenic KRASG12D in accelerating development of aggressive PDAC in GEMMs,77 demonstrating that tumor-intrinsic TGF-β signaling is tumor-suppressive. The gene discussed is TGFB1; the disease is neoplasm.