UPK1A and hepatocellular carcinoma: Consistently, the expression levels of several well-defined apoptosis markers, including cleaved caspase3 and cleaved PARP, were markedly decreased in UPK1A-AS1-overexpressing cells after cis-platinum exposure (Fig. 3h, Supplementary Figure 2G), suggesting that UPK1A-AS1 may boost the resistance to chemotherapy with cis-platinum in HCC cells.