Our previous studies have uncovered a prominent role of CD38 in heightened calcium responsiveness in HASM obtained from asthmatic and non-asthmatic patients, in airway hyperresponsiveness in mouse models of cytokine- and allergen-induced airway disease [7,8,9,10,12,13,14], and described many of the regulatory mechanisms controlling CD38 expression and enzyme activity in HASM [41,42,43,44,45,46,47,48]. This evidence concerns the gene CD38 and airway hyperresponsiveness.