Therefore, though most studies supported that ELS increased the NR3C1 DNAm and possibly that the epigenetic alterations resulted in a blunt HPA axis, emerging evidence indicated that even ELS altered NR3C1 DNAm, this molecular change may not be powerful enough to develop depression (Tyrka et al., 2016; Alexander et al., 2018; Fiacco et al., 2019). Here, NR3C1 is linked to depressive symptom measurement.