Thus, as shown in Figures 3, 4, HMGB1–RAGE interactions on surface of tumor cells, inflammatory cells, and also muscle cells provide an inflammatory microenvironment that promotes chemoresistance and cancer cell regrowth via activating MAPK, PI3K, Wnt/β-catenin, and NF-κB signaling pathway. This evidence concerns the gene HMGB1 and neoplasm.