AGER and Alzheimer disease: Also, the upregulation of RAGE is seen during diverse pathological events, including inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), stroke, sepsis, diabetes, renal disease, Alzheimer disease (AD), heart failure, osteoarthritis, atherosclerosis, peripheral vascular disease, psoriasis, rheumatoid arthritis, Takayasu arteritis, and cancer (17, 21, 26–28).