PDCD1 and non-small cell lung carcinoma: Pembrolizumab (anti-PD-1 antibody), atezolizumab (anti-PD-L1 antibody), and durvalumab (anti-PD-L1 antibody) have been successively approved as the second-line, or even first-line, therapies for the patients with advanced NSCLC (Keating, 2015; Pai-Scherf et al., 2017; Antonia et al., 2018).