We next examined whether ACE2 expression in the upper respiratory cilia differs between healthy donors versus patients with chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS), a non-malignant chronic inflammatory disease of the paranasal sinuses that presents either with benign nasal polyps (CRSwNP) or without nasal polyps (CRSsNP). The gene discussed is ACE2; the disease is chronic rhinosinusitis without nasal polyps.