CDKN2A and cancer: If treated as a continuous variable, increased higher p16INK4a mRNA expression was associated with 1.40-fold increased risk of breast cancer after adjusting age, race, education, marital, income, BMI category, family history of cancer, smoking status, alcohol status, physical activity, and sitting time (OR = 1.40; 95%CI: 1.21, 1.68; p < 0.001).