It has been established that the concentrations of other cytokines and chemokines differ between the three MPN diseases; for instance, the plasma of MF subjects showed greater amounts of IFN-gamma, IL-17A, and IL-12p70 than that of ET subjects and greater plasma concentrations of TNF-alpha, IL12-p70, IL-4, and GM-CSF than PV subjects. This evidence concerns the gene CSF2 and myeloproliferative neoplasm.