Noteworthy, the assay is sensitive enough to discriminate between samples of all three genotypes in human cells and mouse brain (WT controls vs. loss of PINK1 or PRKN function), to differentiate pathological conditions in human autopsy brain tissue (neurologically normal controls vs. AD), and even to detect p-S65-Ub in human blood. The gene discussed is PINK1; the disease is Alzheimer disease.