Finally, the deposits of C1q along with CD59, C3aR and C5aR1 expressions in the initial apparently negative biopsy were confirmed in the second biopsy of group A and B patients (Fig. 6A–T), suggesting that the changes observed in PBx preceded the appearance of prostate cancer and remained after the onset of the neoplastic disease. Here, C3AR1 is linked to Familial prostate cancer.