TLR3 and neoplasm: Evaluation of the antitumor effect of in situ Flt3L, RT, or TLR3/CD40 stimulation alone, any combination of these two, or combination of all three components demonstrated that, while modest tumor growth delay and improved survival was observed after treatment with RT or CD40/TLR3 stimulation alone compared to non-treatment, no regression of established tumors was detected (Fig. 2c, d).