In particular, the complex interplay between the necessity for Zeb1 in immune cell subsets involved in immunosurveillance and the tumor microenvironment, where paradoxically, ZEB1 expression can drive metastasis by interfering with immune checkpoints, requires further exploration to negate possible toxic effects associated with targeting ZEB1 or ZEB1 target genes therapeutically in cancer. This evidence concerns the gene ZEB1 and cancer.