We observed extreme outliers in pathway activation such as cholangiocarcinoma (CHOL) with only one pathway (HIF1A) activated in 12 out of the 13 non-T cell-inflamed tumors (92.3%), as compared to glioblastoma (GBM) with 10 or more pathways co-activated in 14 out of the 14 non-T cell-inflamed tumors (100%) (P = 1.035E−07, two-sided Fisher’s exact test). Here, HIF1A is linked to cholangiocarcinoma.