For instance, AXL-mediated activation of mTORC1 signaling through PKC has been shown to promote acquired resistance to the p110α inhibitor BYL719 in squamous carcinoma cell lines in vitro and in vivo, while AXL activation has also been observed in an oesophageal cancer cell line resistant to AKT inhibition [307,308]. This evidence concerns the gene AXL and carcinoma of esophagus.