Thus, the high levels of CD45+/highCD133+ and CD34−CD133+ cell subsets in HM and PB of HIV-positive women reported in this study could be due by three mechanisms: (i) the CD133+ cell subsets are not (productively) infected by HIV-1 and are likely resistant to the virus; (ii) to an active self-renewing of these cells in response to the infection itself, or (iii) by active recruitment from reservoir territories through CCR5 and CXCR4 receptors toward these compartments. This evidence concerns the gene CCR5 and infection.