As in HCC and ICC, non-coding alterations are common in cHCC-ICC, for example large cohorts have shown 22.9% of cases with TERT promoter mutations and 29.7% of cases with NEAT1 (an intergenic non-coding RNA gene for a long non-coding RNA) alterations, but detailed comparisons to HCC and ICC and how to target these changes therapeutically are not yet clear (19, 48–50). The gene discussed is NEAT1; the disease is intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma.