Therefore, we performed this retrospective study to explore the clinical efficacy and safety of second-line or later therapy with PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors plus chemotherapy in advanced NSCLC patients and to compare the clinical outcomes of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors plus chemotherapy with PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor monotherapy as second-line or later therapy further. The gene discussed is CD274; the disease is non-small cell lung carcinoma.